Beginning Sept. 1, 1998, all cars and light trucks sold in the U.S. were required to have airbags on both sides of the front seat to protect driver and passenger, as required by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991.
As a result, frontal airbags have been standard equipment in all passenger cars since model year 1998 and in all SUVs, crossovers, pickups and vans since model year 1999.
The concept of airbags has been studied since the 1950s.
Walter Linderer of Germany sought an application for a rudimentary airbag.
In the U.S., industrial engineering technician John Hetrick, inspired by inflatable protective covers on Navy torpedoes, patented a design for a "safety cushion assembly for automotive vehicles" in 1953. He later sent sketches of the device to Ford Motor Co., General Motors and Chrysler, which never responded. However, GM and Ford did undertake airbag research in the 1950s.
In…