How will EPA answer California?

With the EPA expected to propose in July fuel-efficiency rules that are likely tougher than the Trump administration's standards, automakers could have the opportunity once again to unite behind a single national program that includes California.

After a handful of automakers — Ford Motor Co., BMW, Honda, Volkswagen and Volvo — sided with the state to meet stricter vehicle emissions standards through the 2026 model year, recent actions by two federal agencies and the Biden administration's forthcoming near-term standards could put the whole country on one playing field again.

Key questions for the industry are whether the standards proposed in July will be tougher than those that the five automakers negotiated with California regulators and whether they will include requirements for zero-emission vehicles.

NHTSA and the EPA in April took the first steps toward reversing the Trump administration's 2019 decision to revoke Califor…

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Highlights from the “Daily Drive,” Automotive News’ weekday podcast, May 21-27

Here are edited highlights from the latest episodes of the "Daily Drive," Automotive News' weekday podcast, May 21-27, hosted by Jason Stein and Steve Schmith.

"In many ways, subscription is just a variation of what leasing is in taking a lot of the pain points away from the consumer."--Georg Bauer, co-founder, NextCar

"To take the icons and make them electric was obviously for many a difficult challenge because there is a conception of what those products were and need to have to be something new and different."--Ted Cannis, head of North America commercial vehicles, Ford Motor Co.

"There is a bigger demand for specialty vehicles — the minivan, the larger SUVs, pickup trucks — because people are using those to travel." --Chrissy Taylor, CEO, Enterprise Holdings

"There is a lot of activity on the private side that is either going unreported or not as widely reported on a national scale. The public folks are also very aggressively looking at vario…

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Lawsuit: Tesla battery plant plagued by copper thefts

A lawsuit filed by a former Tesla employee claims he was fired from an $18,000-a-month job to help keep investors and the media from learning that thieves were stealing millions of dollars worth of copper wire from its Nevada battery plant.

Lynn Thompson said in the suit that he saw huge amounts of copper being measured, cut, loaded onto pallets and hauled away. The suit said he reported the thefts on multiple occasions to senior management, including CEO Elon Musk, and contractor ONQ Global starting in April 2018.

In June 2018, Thompson said he witnessed copper being loaded onto a truck and contacted Tesla security, who called police. Several days later, management told Thompson that he wasn't allowed back inside the Gigafactory, the complaint said.

"Since this time, Mr. Thompson has learned that Tesla and Musk pressured ONQ GLOBAL to stop allowing him on the work site and subsequently end his work at Tesla because of the outside…

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Eaton tackles an old-school problem

As the industry revels in new ideas to support vehicle electrification, power management supplier Eaton Corp. has focused its most recent innovation on gasoline-powered vehicles.

Eaton is introducing a new generation of hollow-head valves intended to improve fuel economy, reduce emissions and increase performance, primarily in internal combustion engines. The technology can also support hybrid vehicles.

The gains of the sodium-filled valve come largely from its new design.

By welding together two separate sections of the valve's head portion, Eaton has achieved more flexibility in the sodium cavity design. This increases volume and creates better sodium flow compared with other hollow valves, said Pawel Wolski, valvetrain business unit director for Eaton's Vehicle Group.

The resulting valves are able to cool down the combustion face and lower the chamber temperature, which increases the spark advance and air-to-fue…

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EV compromises get compounded in the real world

Ford's flashy introduction of its F-150 Lightning and the events surrounding it displayed a mastery of showmanship, ginning up excitement for the first all-electric edition of the nation's top-selling model line.

From President Joe Biden's glowing three-word review — "That sucker's quick!" — to the carnival-like atmosphere of the automaker's nighttime reveal at its headquarters, the F-150 Lightning got a huge jolt of attention right out of the gate. That was appropriate, given the King Ranch-size expectations that the Lightning will carry both for Ford and for electric vehicles in general when the battery-powered pickup arrives in showrooms. It's with this in mind that caution is warranted by automotive marketers as they hype the capabilities of their new EVs.

Unlike most electric models, the F-150 Lightning will be expected to do much more than just ferry passengers and the detritus of everyday living. Because it wears the F-150 badge, buyers will expect the …

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Farley turns spotlight on commercial sales

DETROIT — Ford Motor Co.'s segment-leading commercial vans and trucks provide steady profits year in and year out, but they get little of the attention or publicity that its higher-profile retail business generates.

That's about to change.

The automaker's commercial offerings will take a starring role under CEO Jim Farley and the "Ford+" growth plan he laid out last week. Ford is separating the part of its business aimed at commercial customers into a standalone unit called Ford Pro, and it expects to nearly double the revenue it generates to $45 billion by 2025.

The company hopes Ford Pro will help it boost recurring revenue from data-focused subscription services, reduce ownership costs for fleet operators and grow its commanding 43 percent share of the commercial van and truck market.

Farley called the new entity "one of the most important strategic initiatives at Ford in many, many years." Wall Street appears to agre…

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Intersection quiz: Who said what?

<!--*/ */ /*-->*/ Intersection quiz: Who said what?

It’s the end of the school year. Time for the first "Intersection" exam. Match the automaker leader with his quote. Scroll down to the bottom of this newsletter for the answers. No cheating!

1. Product “is the foundational landscape piece. It’s what you build the house on.”

2. “We have a very strong dealer network – this is our strength.”

3. The goal is to “put more connected fleets on the road than any of our competitors.”

4. “I wouldn’t want anybody to think that we’re turning our back on ICE during the transition.”

5. “We do what we can do, and we do not do what we cannot control.”

A. Toyota’s Ted Ogawa

B. Nissan’s Michael Colleran

C. Ford’s Jim Farley

D. Mercedes-Benz’s Dimitris Psillakis

E. GM’s Steve Carlisle

You’ll find stories or Q&As with all five of these quotes in Monday’s issue.

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NTSB’s Jennifer Homendy addresses the ‘public-health crisis’ on nation’s roads (Episode 99)

The National Transportation Safety Board member and President Biden’s nominee to become the board’s new chair discusses increased traffic fatalities, ongoing examinations of new automotive technology and the NTSB’s “Most Wanted List” of safety improvements.

How do I subscribe?

Apple Podcasts: “Shift: A podcast about mobility” is available on the iTunes Store and through the ‘Podcast’ app pre-installed on all iOS devices. Click here to subscribe.

Spotify: "Shift: A podcast about mobility" can be streamed through Spotify on your desktop, tablet or mobile device. Click here to subscribe.

Google Play: "Shift: A podcast about mobility" is available on Android devices through the Google Play store. Click here to subscribe.

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VW plans to appoint two new COOs to boost synergies among brands

Volkswagen Group plans to create two new top posts to supervise its brands more closely, according to company sources.

The automaker will install two new COOs to oversee its premium brands and volume brands, the sources told Automobilwoche, the German affiliate of  Automotive News.

The group's 12 brands include luxury marques Audi, Porsche, Bentley and mass-market brands VW, Skoda and Seat.

The new COOs will be appointed directly below the management board level.

Two long-serving managers  are envisaged for the new roles, according to people familiar with the automaker's plans.

VW Group CEO Herbert Diess aims to reduce overlap between brands and find more synergies as he pushes to improve profitability at the automaker.

In particular, Diess wants to boost the VW brand by reducing competition with sister brands Skoda and Seat, reports in the German press have said.

VW Group has been increasing joint development activi…

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What Ford sees in the next battery technology

Ford Motor Co. increased its investment this month in Solid Power, a startup battery technology supplier working on solid-state batteries for electric vehicles. Its contribution to a $130 million Series B investment round was significant in that it signals Ford's interest in the next level of battery technology. The innovation of solid-state chemistry promises greater energy storage and lower-cost charging. Hau Thai-Tang, 54, Ford's chief product platform and operations officer, spoke with News Editor Lindsay Chappell about what Ford sees from the coming technology. Here are edited excerpts.

Q:Based on what you've seen from Solid Power, is it specifically the battery technology that will power Ford's electric vehicles in this decade?

A: We believe the transition to solid state is something that is not only technically feasible, but we can see a path for it being viable by the end of the decade. Our teams have been working with multiple players in this space fo…

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Toyota unveils hydrogen-burning engine plan to fight EV mania

OYAMA, Japan — It is a familiar racetrack scene. But this time, Toyota has a new twist.

The automaker's petrol- head president, Akio Toyoda, is barreling down the straight at Fuji Speedway in a souped-up Toyota racer, clocking 140 mph with thunderous engine growls and bone-rattling vibrations before slamming on the brakes to tuck into the corner.

His tire-smoking No. 32 race-spec Corolla looks, sounds and drives like any other car in the field. But there is one important, invisible difference. While the rival racers are all burning gasoline, Toyoda's engine is powered by hydrogen — and it is churning out virtually no carbon dioxide.

Note the distinction: It's not a silent hydrogen "fuel cell" under the hood, but a freshly minted "hydrogen-burning" three- banger.

The engine is still just a prototype, but Toyoda believes it holds big promise for his company, for the industry and for carbon neutrality in a world seemingl…

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Radar vanishes from Tesla’s view, prompting swift safety concerns

Elon Musk's disdain for lidar has been well documented. Now the Tesla CEO has cooled on another sensor most automakers deem essential for underpinning certain safety features.

Tesla said last week it stopped equipping Model 3 and Model Y vehicles with radar sensors in April. The change sparked a swift response. Three leading automotive safety organizations stripped the vehicles of their safety designations.

NHTSA, the federal regulatory agency charged with ensuring vehicle safety, revised its five-star crash safety ratings. It removed checkmarks the vehicles had earned for offering features such as forward collision warning, lane departure warning, crash avoidance braking and dynamic brake support.

Consumer Reports and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety followed by revoking the "Top Pick" and "Top Safety Pick+" designations, respectively, for the Model 3.

"If a driver thinks their vehicle has a safety feature …

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